NL : This tree, native to the Balkans and the Caucasus, has completely determined the street and park scene of the European cities. It was the species par excellence that was used in the early twentieth century to build large avenues. Breeders looked for cultivars that gave larger, more beautiful or differently colored conical flower columns. Moreover, these selections were preferably allowed to bear as little fruit as possible because they were disruptive to traffic. Recently, horse chestnuts have had to contend with a new attacker: the horse chestnut miner moth (Cameraria ohridella). The larvae feed on the leaf moss. As a result, the leaves turn brown from the end of June and fall off prematurely. Where the moth comes from is not entirely clear. In 1985 it was docked for the first time in the Balkans. In the ten years that followed, there was an unprecedentedly rapid expansion across Europe. There are strong indications that traffic contributes to the rapid spread.
FR : Cet arbre originaire des Balkans et du Caucase a entièrement modifié l'aspect des parcs et le paysage urbain des grandes villes européennes. Au début du 20e siècle, c'était l'arbre par excellence qui était employé dans l'aménagement des grandes avenues. Les pépiniéristes ont cherché à produire des cultivars aux inflorescences coniques plus grandes, plus belles ou avec d'autres couleurs. Ces sélections devaient en outre produire le moins de fruits possible, car ceux-ci gênaient la circulation. Depuis peu, les marronniers souffrent d'attaques de la mineuse du marronnier (Cameraria ohridella). Les larves se nourrissent des feuilles. Ceci entraîne dès la ¬fin juin le brunissement des feuilles et leur chute prématurée. L'origine de ce papillon de nuit n'est pas bien connue. Il est observé pour la première fois dans les Balkans en 1985. Durant les dix années qui suivirent, le parasite a connu une extension très rapide dans toute l'Europe. Le trafic automobile y est probablement pour beaucoup.
| | Public | Dutch
Meise
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