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Zutphen originated in Roman times as a Germanic settlement. The place has been continuously inhabited for more than 1700 years and is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands.
The name Zutphen originated from Zuid-venne, a river dune complex between marshy meadows, where the Berkel flowed into the IJssel. River dunes are created when river sand forms hills by spraying.
The IJssel has played a major role for the city over the centuries. The city participated in the Baltic Sea trade and was a member of the Hanseatic League from the 13th century. The Hanseatic League was a partnership of merchants and cities that tried to protect and expand their trade through cooperation.
The 16th century brought difficult times for Zutphen due to the rise of other cities and the Eighty Years' War with the Spaniards. Years of varying occupation and sieges followed and from 1591 a long period of Zutphen as a fortified city began.

WITH THE PHOTO
The Oude IJsselbrug in Zutphen was opened to traffic in 1865. Originally, the movable part on the west side of the IJssel was a drawbridge, but it was replaced around 1937 by a lift bridge with a span of 30 m. The main span is an arch bridge with a length of 90 m. The bridge was destroyed in 1940 and 1945, in 1940 by the retreating Dutch army and in 1945 by the retreating German army. After the Second World War, the bridge was restored to its original state.

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