Ancient Hypogea or Feaci Aqueducts (Agrigento)

The irrigation system of the Kolymbetra Gardens was based on ancient techniques that utilize available water resources to water the agricultural lands. The system was advanced and effective for its time and is considered a pinnacle of Greek and Roman engineering.

The irrigation system took advantage of several nearby water sources, such as natural springs and underground aquifers. These springs provided fresh water essential for irrigation . Aqueducts were built to convey water from the springs to the gardens. Aqueducts were underground channels that led water to the site of the gardens. They were often constructed with a gentle slope to promote a natural flow of water.

Once they arrived at the gardens, the aqueducts were connected with a complex network of canals and pipes . This distribution system distributed the water over the various terraces and agricultural lands in the gardens. The Kolymbetra Gardens are terraced, meaning they are divided into levels or terraces. Crops were grown on each terrace. The irrigation water flowed from one terrace to another through a series of canals and locks. Sluices and valves were used to regulate the flow of water and ensure that each terrace received the correct amount of water. Overflow systems prevented water from accumulating on the terraces.

In addition to the use of aqueducts and groundwater , rainwater was also collected and stored in cisterns and reservoirs. This collected rainwater could be used for irrigation in dry periods.

In some cases, the hypogea of Agrigento played an important defensive role and was able to hide its inhabitants from possible enemy attacks. These underground passages represent an important point in the city's history and are today in excellent condition and well preserved. In the hypogea of Agrigento you can still see the petroglyphs of the ancient people who inhabited this place

Today, visitors can also admire the remains of this historic irrigation system underground and learn about ancient agricultural techniques in the Kolymbetra Gardens.

Willem Vandenameele