Aquae Helveticae

Aquae Helveticae was a vicus and mineral spa established in the 1st century AD near the Roman legion camp of Vindonissa. It is in and was the origin of the name of Baden in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.
The hot springs, located at a bend in the Limmat river near the legion camp at Vindonissa , were discovered around 20 AD. The hot , mineral rich water was prized by the Romans and a settlement quickly developed around the springs. By the middle of the 1st century a good sized settlement surrounded the mineral baths. In 69 AD, during the Year of the Four Emperors, the XXI Legion burned the wooden vicus or settlement to the ground. Aquae Helveticae was rebuilt in stone in the following years. When the legion abandoned Vindonissa in 101, the local economy shrank. However, by the second half of the 2nd century the settlement experienced another golden age. During this time, pottery and bronze from Aquae Helveticae were traded throughout the region. During the 3rd century a series of invasions by the Alemanni led to the settlement being abandoned. However, the baths continued to operate. In the 4th century a defensive wall was built around the baths and coins continued to be minted in Aquae Helveticae.

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