Temple of Athena Polias

The Temple of Athena Polias in Priene was an Ionic Order temple located northwest of Priene’s Agora, inside a complex of the sanctuary. It was dedicated to Athena Polias, the same as the patron deity of Athens. It was the main temple in Priene, although there was a temple of Zeus. It was built around 350 BC. Alexander the Great sponsored constructions of the temples during his anabasis to the Persian Empire. Its ruin currently is at the foot of an escarpment of mount Mycale. It was believed that was constructed and designed by Pytheos, who was the architect of the great Mausoleum of Halikarnassos, which is one of ancient seven wonders, as well. It was one of the Hellenistic temples which are not reconstructed by Romans.
There were mere records on the Temple before modern discoveries. The first record in modern discovery is Jacob Spon and George Wheler visiting in the 17th century. The next visiting of this site was in 1764-65 when Richard Chandler had his Asia Minor expedition funded by the Society of Dilettanti. The temple was surveyed and drawn second time in 1811-12 Dilettani expedition. In the third Dilettani 1868-69, Richard Pullan excavated and surveyed the Temple and the city in a more comprehensive manner. He also brought some excavation results to the British Museum. This rescued some stones of the Temple from latter plunders by local villagers in 1870. Since then, the excavation works were done by German archaeologists. A major one of them was the 1895-99 studies by Theodor Wiegand and Hans Schrader. Therefore, some excavation collections are stored in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin as well.

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