Osroene o Regne d'Edessa fou un regne a la part nord-oest de Mesopotàmia entre l'Eufrates i el Tigris entre els anys 137 aC i 249 dC quan fou conquerida i integrada a l'Imperi Romà com una província d'Osroene. En la seva màxima expansió el regne va arribar a Melitene pel nord, Nisibis per l'est, Seugma a l'oest i Sindjar i Harran al sud-est.
El nom d'Osroene se suposa que ve de Esro Ayne que vol dir "Deu caps" i fou fundat suposadament per caps assiris . La capital fou Urhai o Edessa, actualment Urfa. El consell de caps va quedar sotmès als babilonis, aquemènides i selèucides, essent només un poder local estratègicament situat.
Source: Wikipedia.org
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