Under the fertile clay lies a permeable limestone layer. The Romans used this lime (which is known as marl in the local dialect) in their constructions. The Heerse limestones were also very useful in the construction of several Haspengouw churches, including the basilica of Tongeren. Between 1930 and 1960, millions of mushrooms were cultivated in these former marl quarries. Now, these caves (also referred to as marl pits) are one of the main hibernation sites for bats in Western Europe.
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