It is currently assumed that the city was founded in 25 AD under the name Colonia Iulia Augusta Emerita on the orders of Octavius Augustus, for veterans of the 5th and 10th Legion. The term 'emeritus' actually refers to retired soldiers. It became the capital of the Roman province of Lusitania. And thus began an incredible period of flourishing, evidenced by many constructions: the theater, the amphitheater, the circus, the temples, the bridges, the aqueducts, the forum, the houses, the baths...
For centuries until the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Mérida was one of the most important legal, economic, military, and cultural centers and one of the largest cities in the empire.
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