Kingham is a village and civil parish in the Cotswolds about 4 miles southwest of Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 913.
The Domesday Book of 1086 records the toponym as Caningeham. Another 11th-century document records it as Keingeham. A charter from 1160 records it as Kaingham, as do numerous subsequent documents until 1251. A charter from 1160 and a pipe roll entry for 1163 record it as Caingeham. A charter of Osney Abbey from 1210 records it as Kangham. The Book of Fees records it as Kaingeham in entries for 1220 and 1242 and Keingham or Keyngham in entries for 1235–36. A feet of fines entry for 1254 records it as Kengham: a spelling that was frequent until 1377, when it was used in a Close Roll entry. An assize roll from 1268 records it as Kehingham. A charter of Eynsham Abbey from 1285 records it as Canyngesham, but an assize roll from the same year records it as Kyngham. The latter spelling remained in frequent use until 1428, when it was used in a feudal aid document. An earlier feudal aid document, from 1346, records it as Keygham. The name is derived from Old English, meaning "the hām of Cǣga's people".

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