Levee breaches usually occur at weak points in the levee that can arise from poor maintenance or through seeping. Seeping (the emergence of groundwater at the surface) occurs due to an underground water flow from a higher to a lower area. When the water then seeps under a levee, levee material can be washed away.
During levee breaches, the water forcefully rushes into the land behind, creating deep swirling holes (wheels or breaches). Due to the depth of the wheel, the levee cannot be repaired at the same spot. Because the new section of levee has been built around the wheel, the levee along the former Zuiderzee has gradually taken on a winding shape. The twists in the levee often refer to old levee breaches.
When the levee is repaired on the sea side, the wheel is inside the levee. Inside the levee, wheels are visible as small deep pools around which the levee winds.
When the levee is repaired on the land side, the wheel is outside the levee. Outside the levee, wheels are recognizable as bends in the levee.
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